Interferon β-1b and glatiramer acetate effects on permanent black hole evolution
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Abstract
Objective: To compare interferon β-1b (IFNβ-1b) and glatiramer acetate (GA) on new lesion (NL) (gadolinium-enhancing, new T2) evolution into permanent black holes (PBH)—a marker of irreversible tissue damage—in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).
Methods: BEYOND was a large, phase III, clinical trial comparing IFNβ-1b 250 μg, IFNβ-1b 500 μg, and GA (2:2:1). Patient scans were reexamined post hoc for PBH in a rater-blinded manner. Two predefined coprimary endpoints compared IFNβ-1b 250 μg with GA: first, number of PBH per patient at year 2 evolving from year 1 NL, then proportion of year 1 NL evolving into PBH at year 2. IFNβ-1b 500 μg and GA were compared in an exploratory fashion.
Results: Approximately 90% (1,957/2,244) of patients had NL at year 1 with follow-up at year 2. Mean numbers of PBH per patient at year 2 evolving from year 1 NL were lower for IFNβ-1b 250 μg than GA (0.30 vs 0.43; p = 0.0451). The proportion of NL evolving into PBH was similar (IFNβ-1b 250 μg vs GA: 21.6% vs 23.5%; p > 0.20). For IFNβ-1b 500 μg, both the mean PBH number per patient at year 2 evolving from year 1 NL (0.26 vs 0.43; p = 0.0037) and proportion of NL evolving into PBH (16.3% vs 23.5%; p = 0.0409) were lower relative to GA.
Conclusion: IFNβ-1b affected PBH development to a similar or better extent than GA. IFNβ-1b favorably influences an MRI outcome indicative of permanent tissue destruction in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Classification of evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that IFNβ-1b is associated with a reduction in MRI PBH formation and evolution compared with GA between years 1 and 2 of treatment.
Footnotes
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Study funding: The BEYOND study was funded by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Monvtille, NJ. The study protocol for this PBH analysis was designed by members of the BEYOND Steering Committee, coauthors independent of the BEYOND study, and representatives from the sponsor. This study was partially funded by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Montville, NJ.
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Supplemental data at www.neurology.org
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- BDNF
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- EDSS
- Expanded Disability Status Scale
- GA
- glatiramer acetate
- GEE
- generalized estimating equation
- IFNβ-1b
- interferon β-1b
- LAS
- last available scan
- MS
- multiple sclerosis
- NL
- new lesion
- PBH
- permanent black hole
- RRMS
- relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
- Received August 18, 2010.
- Accepted December 22, 2010.
- Copyright © 2011 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.
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