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Abstract
Background and Objectives Inflammation of the choroid plexus (CP) has been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). The AU1 association between CP inflammation and clinical disability progression is still under debate. The objective of the current study was to assess the relationship between measures of CP inflammation and investigate their associations with clinical disability progression in MS.
Methods In this retrospective analysis of a longitudinal study, 174 patients with MS (118 with relapsing-remitting MS and 56 with progressive MS [PMS]) and 56 healthy controls (HCs), group matched for age and sex, were imaged on a 3T MRI scanner at baseline and after an average of 5.5 years of follow-up. T2 lesion volume (T2-LV) was assessed. Regional tissue volumes were calculated. CP volume was measured, and pseudo-T2 (pT2) mapping was performed to asses CP inflammation. Group comparisons and correlations were adjusted for age and sex.
Results Patients with MS presented with significantly larger CP volume (p = 0.01) and increased CP pT2 (<0.001) at baseline, when compared with HCs. CP volume and CP pT2 did not significantly increase over the follow-up in the MS sample. However, baseline CP pT2 was associated with clinical disability progression at follow-up (p = 0.001), even after controlling for all other factors significantly associated with disability progression (p = 0.030), including T2-LV, normalized brain volume, normalized gray matter volume, and normalized thalamic volumes. Changes in CP volume and CP pT2 were not related to changes in clinical parameters such as relapse rate over the course of the follow-up.
Discussion CP inflammation, as evidenced by MRI, is clinically relevant in MS. CP inflammation may have a relevant role in driving disease progression.
Glossary
- ANCOVA=
- analysis of covariance;
- CP=
- choroid plexus;
- EDSS=
- Expanded Disability Status Scale;
- ETL=
- echo train length;
- GM=
- gray matter;
- HC=
- healthy control;
- LPM=
- lesion probability mapping;
- MS=
- multiple sclerosis;
- NBV=
- normalized brain volume;
- NCPV=
- normalized choroid plexus volume;
- NGMV=
- normalized gray matter volume;
- NWMV=
- normalized white matter volume;
- NVV=
- normalized ventricular volume;
- PMS=
- progressive MS;
- PPMS=
- primary progressive multiple sclerosis;
- RRMS=
- relapsing-remitting MS;
- SPMS=
- secondary progressive MS;
- TE=
- echo time;
- TI=
- inversion time;
- TR=
- repetition time;
- VBM=
- voxel-based morphometry;
- WM=
- white matter
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Submitted and externally peer reviewed. The handling editor was Deputy Editor Olga Ciccarelli, MD, PhD, FRCP.
Editorial, page 405
- Received March 29, 2022.
- Accepted in final form October 11, 2022.
- © 2022 American Academy of Neurology
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