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The use of lumbar punctures (LPs) in clinical research is increasing as emerging data demonstrate that CSF biomarkers can provide useful information about neurophysiology and the pathogenesis of diseases such as Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson disease. Given the invasive nature of LPs, we sought to prospectively evaluate pain and hormonal indices of stress in participants undergoing research LPs in order to improve the quality of informed consent.
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgment: The authors are grateful to the study participants for their involvement and to Shveta Dighe for help with recruitment and administration.
Footnotes
Author contributions: G.P.-W. and S.L.W.: conception and design of research. G.P.-W., K.T.N., R.M.S., and S.L.W.: performed experiments. G.P.-W.: performed statistical analysis of data, interpreted results of experiments, drafted manuscript, and prepared figures. G.P.-W., S.L.W., and R.M.S.: edited and revised manuscript. G.P.-W., S.L.W., K.T.N., and R.M.S.: approved final version of manuscript.
Study funding: This work was supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) grant RO1-DK-093920 (to S.L. Wardlaw), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NIH grants UL1-TR-000040 and UL1-RR-024156).
Disclosure: The authors report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures.
- Received December 7, 2015.
- Accepted in final form April 11, 2016.
- © 2016 American Academy of Neurology
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