Medullary streaks: Dilated medullary vessels in chronic ischemia in children
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Medullary streaks are linear structures on MRI crossing the white matter of the brain, which can be observed in aging brain or patients with moyamoya disease.1 The increases in medullary streak diameter that accompany advancing age coincide with, and are thought to represent, age-related enlargement of fluid-filled perivascular spaces that have been shown by histology to accompany senile brain atrophy.2 On the other hand, medullary streaks in moyamoya disease are speculatively considered to represent compensatorily dilated medullary vessels rather than the perivascular spaces.1 In this report, we demonstrate contrast enhancement of the medullary streaks in two patients with severe chronic cerebral ischemia (advanced moyamoya disease and progeria syndrome), which supports this hypothesis. We also propose that the medullary streaks and the ivy sign (leptomeningeal enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted images or hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery [FLAIR] images)3 in ischemic …
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