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目的:自1894年德维克的原始描述视neuromyelitis关于其病因学这一问题一直争论不休。具体原因已被确定在少数情况下,但在大多数问题出现了德维克的视neuromyelitis是否多发性硬化的一个变体。本研究采取帮助澄清这个问题。方法:视Neuromyelitis被定义为(1)严重的横向骨髓炎;(2)急性单边或双边视神经病变;(3)没有临床参与脊髓或视神经之外,和(4)单相或多相的疾病。临床和自身抗体状态记录。病人接受了脑脊液检查和核磁共振成像的大脑和脊髓。结果:12例,演示的平均年龄35.1岁,。十一是女性; vision was reduced to counting fingers or worse in 10 patients and seven became confined to a wheelchair. Examination of CSF showed local synthesis of oligoclonal bands in only two patients and a neutrophil pleocytosis in two. A possible aetiology was identified in five: a specific connective tissue disorder (two), pulmonary tuberculosis (one), and possible acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (two). Six had non-specific increases in various autoantibodies. Eleven patients underwent MRI of the brain and spinal cord. In 10 there were diffuse abnormalities involving cervical and thoracic cords with extensive swelling in the acute phase. Brain MRI was normal in five; in five there were multiple deep white matter lesions, and one patient had minor age related changes. CONCLUSION: It is proposed that Devic's neuromyelitis optica is a distinctive disorder with some clinical, CSF, and MRI features different from those found in classic multiple sclerosis. In most cases a specific aetiology is not identified, but an immunological mechanism of tissue damage seems likely.