PT -期刊文章盟-约翰·p·威尔士AU -杰弗里·芒森盟-谭雅圣约翰盟克里斯蒂娜·n·米非盟-爱丽丝Tran亚伯拉罕盟弗雷德里克·b·那个宿舍叫赖茨AU - k Kawena Begay AU -斯蒂芬·r·戴奇合作盟安妮特·m·埃斯蒂斯TI -关系障碍的联想学习与智力障碍和小脑发育不全的自闭症儿童援助- 10.1212 / WNL。0000000000201496 DP - 2023年2月07 TA -神经病首页学PG - e639 e650 VI - 100 IP - 6 4099 - //www.ez-admanager.com/content/100/6/e639.short 4100 - //www.ez-admanager.com/content/100/6/e639.full所以Neurology2023 07年2月;100 AB -背景和目标自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的严重程度不同,与智力障碍(ID)和大脑dysmorphology。我们测试的假设可以占ASD的异质性,在某种程度上,通过改变联想学习测量但调节(EBC)模式,用来测试前脑和小脑功能障碍自闭症谱系障碍严重程度和智力的全面能力。队列研究方法的孩子被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍或典型的开发(TD);大多数孩子都是从一个10年的纵向研究。结果措施的比例和时间条件(CRs)收购了一个基调,但反应记录光度计的自闭症谱系障碍严重程度和相关措施,智商,2岁大脑MRI形态测量学。一个序列的跟踪和延迟EBC使用。方差分析、t检验和逻辑回归(LR)。结果六十二的孩子们在学校学习的年龄。自两岁九个孩子自闭症与ID (ASD +身份证;智商= 49±6;11.9±0.2岁(±SD))慢慢学会了超过30孩子TD(智商= 120±16; 10.5 ± 1.5 years old [±SD]) during trace EBC and showed atypically early-onset CRs (1.4 SD pre-TD) related to hypoplasia of the cerebellum at age 2 but not of the amygdala, hippocampus, or cerebral cortex. Conversely, 16 children with ASD with robust intellectual development since age 2 (IQ = 100 ± 3; 12.0 ± 0.4 years old [±SD]) learned typically but showed early-onset CRs only during long-delay EBC (0.8 SD pre-TD) unrelated to hypoplasia of any measured brain area. Using 16 EBC measures, binary LR classified ASD and TD with 80% accuracy (95% CI = 72–88%), 81% sensitivity (95% CI = 69–92%), and 79% specificity (95% CI = 68–91%); multinomial LR more accurately classified children based on ID (94% accuracy, 95% CI = 89–100%) than ASD severity (85% accuracy, 95% CI = 77–93%). Separate analyses of 39 children with MRI (2.1 ± 0.3 years old [±SD]) indicated that cerebellar hypoplasia did not predict ASD + ID over ages 2–4 (Cohen d = 0.3) compared with early-onset CRs during age 11 trace EBC (Cohen d = −1.3).Discussion Trace EBC reveals the relationship between cerebellar hypoplasia and ASD + ID likely by engaging cerebrocerebellar circuits involved in intellectual ability and implicit timing. Follow-up prospective studies using associative learning can determine whether ID can be predicted in children with early ASD diagnoses.ASD=autism spectrum disorder; CS=conditioned stimulus; DAS=Differential Abilities Scale; EBC=eye-blink conditioning; ID=intellectual disability; LR=logistic regression; MSEL=Mullen Scales of Early Learning; TD=typical development; US=unconditioned stimulus

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