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Biomarkers are defined as “objective indications of medical state observed from outside the patient—which can be measured accurately and reproducibly.”1 Biomarkers have 3 major potential roles in clinical practice: (1) to help the patient understand their risk of disease, which could lead to direct improvement of quality of life; (2) to direct the patient to make lifestyle changes that could improve health, such as restricting or improving dietary choices, becoming more active, and adhering to a plan laid out in collaboration with their physician; and (3) to direct a medical professional to make a (better) clinical decision based on known risk factors or disease(s) associated with a specific biomarker(s).2 Given the complex pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, biomarkers that can stratify risk and identify those individuals most likely to have a cerebrovascular event are considered the “holy grail” of prognostic tools.
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- © 2016 American Academy of Neurology
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