This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.
Abstract
Objective: To assess and compare the frequencies of personal and family history of autoimmune diseases (AID), autoinflammatory disorders (ID), and allergies in a population of patients, adults and children, with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), 3 central hypersomnia disorders, and healthy controls.
Methods: Personal and family history of AID, ID, and allergies were assessed by questionnaire and medical interview in a large cohort of 450 consecutive adult patients (206 NT1, 106 NT2, 138 IH) and 95 pediatric patients (80 NT1) diagnosed according to the third International Classification of Sleep Disorders criteria in national reference centers for narcolepsy in France and 751 controls (700 adults, 51 children) from the general population.
Results: Ten adults with NT1 (4.9%) had a comorbid AID vs 3.4% of adult controls, without between-group differences in adjusted models. AID frequency did not differ between children with NT1 and controls. Conversely, compared with controls, AID frequency was higher in adults with NT2 (p = 0.002), whereas ID (p = 0.0002) and allergy (p = 0.003) frequencies were higher in adults with IH. A positive family history of AID was found in the NT1 group and of ID in the IH group.
Conclusions: NT1 is not associated with increased risk of comorbid immune disorders, in favor of a potentially unique pathophysiology. Conversely, compared with controls, the frequency of autoimmune diseases was higher in adults with NT2, whereas allergies and autoinflammatory disorders were more common in adults with IH, suggesting an immune dysregulation mechanism in these conditions.
GLOSSARY
- AID=
- autoimmune disease;
- BDI=
- Beck Depression Inventory;
- BMI=
- body mass index;
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- EDS=
- excessive daytime sleepiness;
- HLA=
- human leukocyte antigen;
- ID=
- autoinflammatory disorders;
- IH=
- idiopathic hypersomnia;
- MSLT=
- Multiple Sleep Latency Test;
- NT1=
- narcolepsy type 1;
- NT2=
- narcolepsy type 2;
- OR=
- odds ratio;
- SOREMP=
- sleep-onset REM period
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Supplemental data at Neurology.org
- Received May 26, 2016.
- Accepted in final form September 21, 2016.
- © 2016 American Academy of Neurology
AAN Members
We have changed the login procedure to improve access between AAN.com and the Neurology journals. If you are experiencing issues, please log out of AAN.com and clear history and cookies. (For instructions by browser, please click the instruction pages below). After clearing, choose preferred Journal and select login for AAN Members. You will be redirected to a login page where you can log in with your AAN ID number and password. When you are returned to the Journal, your name should appear at the top right of the page.
AAN Non-Member Subscribers
Purchase access
Letters: Rapid online correspondence
- Author reply to Dr. Peraita-Adrados
- Comorbidity of narcolepsy with cataplexy with autoimmune diseases and other immunopathologic disorders: A case-control study
REQUIREMENTS
You must ensure that your Disclosures have been updated within the previous six months. Please go to our Submission Site to add or update your Disclosure information.
Your co-authors must send a completed Publishing Agreement Form to Neurology Staff (not necessary for the lead/corresponding author as the form below will suffice) before you upload your comment.
If you are responding to a comment that was written about an article you originally authored:
You (and co-authors) do not need to fill out forms or check disclosures as author forms are still valid
and apply to letter.
Submission specifications:
- Submissions must be < 200 words with < 5 references. Reference 1 must be the article on which you are commenting.
- Submissions should not have more than 5 authors. (Exception: original author replies can include all original authors of the article)
- Submit only on articles published within 6 months of issue date.
- Do not be redundant. Read any comments already posted on the article prior to submission.
- Submitted comments are subject to editing and editor review prior to posting.
